Computer network is a system consisting of computers, software and other network devices that work together to achieve a common purpose. Goal
of computer networks are:
* Sharing of resources: for example, shared usage of the printer, CPU, memory, hard drive
* Communication: eg electronic mail, instant messaging, chat
* Access to information: for example web browsing
In order to achieve the same goal, every part of the request and provide computer network services (service). Parties who request / receive services is called a client (client) and that give / send a service called the waiter (server). This architecture is called client-server systems, and is used in almost all computer network applications.
Classification
Based on the scale:
* Local Area Network (LAN): a computer network that connects a computer with another computer with a limited distance.
* Metropolitant area network (MAN): the same principle with the LAN, only the larger distance, ie 10-50 km.
* Wide Area Network (WAN): the distance between cities, countries, and continents. This is the same with the Internet.
Based on the functions: Basically every computer in a network that functions as a client and server. But there is a network that has a dedicated computer as a server and the other as a client. There is also a computer that has no special function as a server only. Thus, based on their function then there are two types of computer networks:
* Client-server
Namely computer network with a dedicated computer as a server. A service / service can be provided by a computer or more. An example is a domain such as www.detik.com lots served by a web server computer. Or it could be a lot of service / services provided by a single computer. Examples are jtk.polban.ac.id server which is a single computer with multi service ie mail servers, web servers, file servers, database servers and others.
*-To-peer Peer
Namely computer networks where each host can be also be a client and server simultaneously. For example in file sharing between computers on the Windows Network Neighbourhood Network have five computers (we named A, B, C, D and E) that gives the right of access to the files they have. At one point A to access the file share of B named data_nilai.xls and also gives access to files soal_uas.doc C. When accessing a file from B to A then A is functioning as a client and when A gives access to the files to C then A is functioning as a server. Both functions were performed by A the same time, such networks are called peer to peer.
Based on the network topology, computer networks can be divided into:
* Bus topology
* Topology stars
* Ring network
* Mesh topology
* Topology tree
* Linear topology
Based on the criteria, a computer network is divided into four, namely:
1. Based on the distribution of sources of information / data
* Centralized Network
These networks consist of computers where the client and the server that the client computers that function as an intermediary to access sources of information / data derived from a single computer server
* Distributed Network
Is the mixture so that there are few centralized network server computers that are interconnected with the client to form a specific network system.
2. Based on the geographic reach is divided into:
* LAN Network
is the network that connects two computers or more in coverage such as laboratories, offices, and in a cafe.
* Networking MAN
Is the network that covers a large city and its local area. Examples of local telephone networks, cellular telephone systems, as well as some ISP's internet relay network.
* Network WAN
Is a network with coverage throughout the world. For example the network of PT Telkom, PT. Indosat, as well as networks such as GSM Cellular Satelindo, Telkomsel, and many more.
3. Based on the roles and relationships of each computer in the process data.
* Client-Server Networks
In this network there are one or more server computers and client computers. Computers that will be a server computer or client computer must be altered through software on the network protocol. As an intermediary for the client computer can access data on a server computer and the server computer provides the information required by the client computer.
* Network Peer-to-peer
In this network no client computer and server computer because all computers can do the delivery and reception of information so that all computers function as clients as well as a server.
4. Based on data transmission media
* Wired Network (Wired Network)
In this network, to connect one computer to another computer network cables required. Function in the network cable to send information in the form of electrical signals between the network computer.
* Wireless Network (WIFI)
Network is a form of electromagnetic waves with the medium. On this network is not necessary cables to connect between computers it uses electromagnetic waves to transmit signals between the computer information network.
of computer networks are:
* Sharing of resources: for example, shared usage of the printer, CPU, memory, hard drive
* Communication: eg electronic mail, instant messaging, chat
* Access to information: for example web browsing
In order to achieve the same goal, every part of the request and provide computer network services (service). Parties who request / receive services is called a client (client) and that give / send a service called the waiter (server). This architecture is called client-server systems, and is used in almost all computer network applications.
Classification
Based on the scale:
* Local Area Network (LAN): a computer network that connects a computer with another computer with a limited distance.
* Metropolitant area network (MAN): the same principle with the LAN, only the larger distance, ie 10-50 km.
* Wide Area Network (WAN): the distance between cities, countries, and continents. This is the same with the Internet.
Based on the functions: Basically every computer in a network that functions as a client and server. But there is a network that has a dedicated computer as a server and the other as a client. There is also a computer that has no special function as a server only. Thus, based on their function then there are two types of computer networks:
* Client-server
Namely computer network with a dedicated computer as a server. A service / service can be provided by a computer or more. An example is a domain such as www.detik.com lots served by a web server computer. Or it could be a lot of service / services provided by a single computer. Examples are jtk.polban.ac.id server which is a single computer with multi service ie mail servers, web servers, file servers, database servers and others.
*-To-peer Peer
Namely computer networks where each host can be also be a client and server simultaneously. For example in file sharing between computers on the Windows Network Neighbourhood Network have five computers (we named A, B, C, D and E) that gives the right of access to the files they have. At one point A to access the file share of B named data_nilai.xls and also gives access to files soal_uas.doc C. When accessing a file from B to A then A is functioning as a client and when A gives access to the files to C then A is functioning as a server. Both functions were performed by A the same time, such networks are called peer to peer.
Based on the network topology, computer networks can be divided into:
* Bus topology
* Topology stars
* Ring network
* Mesh topology
* Topology tree
* Linear topology
Based on the criteria, a computer network is divided into four, namely:
1. Based on the distribution of sources of information / data
* Centralized Network
These networks consist of computers where the client and the server that the client computers that function as an intermediary to access sources of information / data derived from a single computer server
* Distributed Network
Is the mixture so that there are few centralized network server computers that are interconnected with the client to form a specific network system.
2. Based on the geographic reach is divided into:
* LAN Network
is the network that connects two computers or more in coverage such as laboratories, offices, and in a cafe.
* Networking MAN
Is the network that covers a large city and its local area. Examples of local telephone networks, cellular telephone systems, as well as some ISP's internet relay network.
* Network WAN
Is a network with coverage throughout the world. For example the network of PT Telkom, PT. Indosat, as well as networks such as GSM Cellular Satelindo, Telkomsel, and many more.
3. Based on the roles and relationships of each computer in the process data.
* Client-Server Networks
In this network there are one or more server computers and client computers. Computers that will be a server computer or client computer must be altered through software on the network protocol. As an intermediary for the client computer can access data on a server computer and the server computer provides the information required by the client computer.
* Network Peer-to-peer
In this network no client computer and server computer because all computers can do the delivery and reception of information so that all computers function as clients as well as a server.
4. Based on data transmission media
* Wired Network (Wired Network)
In this network, to connect one computer to another computer network cables required. Function in the network cable to send information in the form of electrical signals between the network computer.
* Wireless Network (WIFI)
Network is a form of electromagnetic waves with the medium. On this network is not necessary cables to connect between computers it uses electromagnetic waves to transmit signals between the computer information network.
